Introduction :
The purpose of this paper is to address these attitudes . Holistic approach or system. In this paper is presented as the systemic thinking . The " system of systems thinking will be described in terms of management and systems thinking is discussed . With the hope that attention be utilized . »
System definitions :
The system we have different definitions of the structural essence of all of them thus ;
" The system consists of a set of components linked together in ways that are taking steps to achieve the overall goal ."
The system can not be limited to material objects in the system according to another definition of thought beyond the tangible and physical objects , we thus defined ;
" The overall system is composed of related components , an organized body of material or non-material things "
Thought wire material can be known about the smallest atom to the galaxies were used .
The system can be observed in the human or animal body , hence ;
" The system is a collection of organs or body parts of animals which have the same structure and are similar or serve a specific purpose . Like the animal body as a whole "
As mentioned previously, a system of thought or mental templates that can be utilized in a collision phenomena . The idea of a small cell system to humans, human societies and organizations and can be used in the solar system and galaxies . In fact , our system limits the scope of our subject .
Interferometer system:
The system may be used at the same time in several systems . While a student is part of a family , the school system , the football team , youth team and the neighborhood is located. A member of the office staff on one hand and on the other systems, like a family member , a mosque, cooperative banks, and it is . A bus driver in the transport system that at one time , the family, society and the summary is a member of the social system bus passengers .
Systems thinking :
Since the two kinds of attitude is common phenomena . In other words, communities , scientists and experts of every phenomenon in two different modes put his attention . These two approaches were:
A - Attitude oriented analysis and mechanistic
B - holistic or systemic approach
Both approaches have their roots in ancient civilizations used at different times and their interests have benefited human society . Analysis -oriented attitude first type is derived from the ancient Greek philosophers thought . The phenomenon is first divided into components and the study of the behavior of each component to achieve the behavior of the phenomenon . In other words, the behavior of phenomena, knows the sum of its components ' behavior .
1 - The only thing for him to accept that truth is clear .
2 - any question as long as possible is decomposed into smaller elements .
3 - work to start by examining the simplest element , then gradually and in an orderly manner to the study of more complex deals. To the characteristics of the phenomenon it seeks to take certain actions or causes of the phenomenon, see.
System and the environment :
Each system has a larger range where the environment is considered , the system is affected and affects its environment . The environment is something that acts as an intermediary in the trading system . For example, humans have a system that is located in a geographical area . The ambient air, food and other needs and provides his own cause changes in the environment . Human family and the larger systems in which they interact , forming environment .
Systems theory was first introduced in the physical sciences to other disciplines such as management was pulled. System , a set of inter-related elements that make a Klmlmy . Four types of organizational system receives input from the environment : material , human, financial and information resources . The combination of its inputs and transformed them again as goods and services, profits , losses, employee behavior , and the additional information into the environment . The system outputs according to the feedback received from the environment is .
How to think ?
Mental fitness is a condition of entry into the world system . Two simple examples of the lack of systemic thinking in our society.
You respond immediately means that the car has four wheels . The questioner asks again whether there may be a car with three wheels ? Pay more deep thinking and a means impossible that you do not know and maybe you've seen something similar in the past . Once you have adjusted your answer , yes, it is possible that there is a car with three wheels . But , why does not end here . See with any question you have been forced to adopt a new way of thinking each time into a new realm of thinking you have been given . An example of a typical example of the kind of thinking that makes us the foundation for personal and social behavior . As usual , we lost the idea of getting into rigid habits have been released on to a new way of thinking about ourselves and bring their new ideas to every moment and every time . Scientific and practical relations of phenomena to think we have entered a new world . Shows us a world where the wonders of creation and the limitless potential of the human mind and the intelligence that we have discovered .
Complex world of wonder that it continues to infinity . It is observed that all the capacity and complexity of a single cell to create a world system and its creator galaxies choice but to surrender and bow will not .
Classification System:
Classification system of open and closed systems :
As stated on the basis of different systems can be classified . One classification system is differentiated into two types : open and closed .
In some systems , and in this respect at least some of the peak . Thus it is absolutely closed, partially closed and open systems can be divided into three categories .
Hierarchical system:
Smaller systems into larger systems and larger systems as the systems are still greater . In this regard, smaller systems to larger systems include systems Mshmvlv say.
Forms of communication and interactions of the system:
Each system has two types of interaction.with the external environment. This kind of interaction can also be done in a variety of forms and concepts .
Continuity and rupture forces in the system:
The integrity of the system elements and their support system elements are trying to break it . We call the elements of the division of transplantation . Such mechanisms are used in natural systems . In contrast to other factors , we are in the collection and disposal of pesticides, so its critical to keep the system in equilibrium . Renal glands produce sweat , and among them , the creation of self-regulatory systems have made it possible to survive the creatures .
Each input can be output to other systems :
Each input and output can be output to other systems constitute dimensional input systems probably others.gas , heater , fan , air conditioner and other systems is used as input .
First of all systems of the future system performance can be affected by :
- The end result is not necessarily profitable .
Closing time :
Systems in different directories that share its goals . There are several guidelines to solve every problem that the system can use one or more of your goals makes practical . For example, some systems protozoan several ways to reproduce , political systems to solve some of their problems with other countries have several solutions , one of Hlhast war but diplomacy , alliances with other countries , the potential threat and the other solutions politicians are being considered and each country can take advantage of one or more methods .
The stability of the system:
Balance -end systems and environmental changes on the one hand and on the other it depends on internal discipline . Dinosaurs millions of years ago due to sharp changes in environmental destruction were dashed . Because the animals could not balance with the environment .
Þ ====== ======= system stability and adaptability rapidly changing environment quickly
In other words, system instability arises when the desired output characteristic of the undesirable characteristics change. Moreover, it is not possible to return to optimum and non- optimum system status is secondary .
Cybernetics :
Cybernetics is the science of communication and control is also called the basis for the " model of living systems " is. Some knowledge of the relationship between man and machine, and some of it is helpful to know the organization . Characteristics Cybernetics systems can be complex, dynamic , depending on other systems still being sought Bvdnv risk -oriented . Cybernetics model is the basis for all activities of the conscious and unconscious control , and are being sustained .
Island system :
but the general instability of the system is going to the island .
Feedback or so are :
Feedback or after one of the mechanisms that are available in most such systems . The simplest thermostats are mechanical devices that operate with a feedback mechanism . An increase or decrease in accidents on or off acting thermostats are set .
Parts of the organization - a systems approach :
The system can thus be looking at the components :
1 - people with different aspects of the spiritual and material dimensions of existence , the people in the organization will be considered . Every person trained in certain circumstances , has its own characteristics . The direction should be seen as a unique present , with education , training, and special features is their exclusive .
The other man in an organizational position within the organization and duties are assigned a number . Members of management or administration office and whether there should be a formal member of the organization . The role and importance of the informal organization .
Every human is a member of the informal group of friends and organizations . In addition, a network management organization whose members are elected from both men .
The management network for people of each of the above aspects should be considered that they are each special character , the formal , informal roles , skills and special abilities of their own.
In addition , every person irrespective of membership organizations, social institutions , political and other members of his behavior affects others .
2 - There is an information system that makes decisions Ramysr . Leaders can not make your decision based on your personal tastes . Successful managers Tsmymhaysh based on information that is accurate and based on facts . When the necessary information is readily available .
3 - Implementation Methods and Materials: The method is a combination of factors , may not be the best approach . It is inevitable to maintain the dynamics of the evolution of the conventional methods .
4 - Organization is in and the peculiarities of the environment and affect the organization .
5 - Equipment and technology : rapid technological developments and organizational routines to the new facility will be equipped and organized as a system must be able to reach a balance with technology developments